A kaftan or caftan is a woman's or man's cotton or silk cloak buttoned down the front, with full sleeves, reaching to the ankles and worn with a sash.
The kaftans worn by the Ottoman sultans constitute one of the most splendid collections of Topkapı Palace in Istanbul. Some of them were so precious that they were given as rewards to important dignitaries and victorious generals during elaborate religious festivals.
Kaftans were often embroidered on the front and on the sleeves, but like everything else under the Ottomans, there was a strict hierarchical order in the colours, patterns, ribbons and buttons, which were chosen according to the rank of the person to whom they were presented.
While in the 14th century large patterns and subdued colours were used, these became both smaller and brighter in the next century.
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